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Hernias are caused by a disruption or opening in the fascia, or fibrous tissue, which forms the abdominal wall. By far the most common hernias develop in the abdomen, when a weakness in the abdominal wall evolves into a localized hole, or "defect", through which adipose tissue, or abdominal organs may protrude. If the contents of a hernia become trapped it is called an “incarcerated” hernia. An incarcerated hernia can become a “strangulated” hernia if the blood supply to the herniated organ becomes compromised.
An inguinal hernia occurs when tissue, such as part of the intestine, protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles. The resulting bulge can be painful, especially when you cough, bend over or lift a heavy object. Inguinal hernias are by far the most common hernias, accounting for up to 75% of all abdominal hernias.